Infant Wrap
May 20th, 2010 | 
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Syndrome, sudden infant death, illness
What is this disease?
Also called sudden death syndrome Sudden infant death is a medical mystery of early childhood. It kills apparently healthy infants, usually between the ages of 4 weeks and 7 months, for reasons that remain unexplained even after an autopsy. Usually, the parents put the child to bed and later find he or dead, often with signs of a struggle or distress of any kind. Some children may have had symptoms of a cold, but these symptoms are often absent. Sudden death syndrome infant has occurred throughout history, allover the world and in all climates.
What causes it?
Sudden Infant Syndrome accounts death of 7,500 to 8,000 deaths a year in the United States, making it one of the leading causes of infant death. Most of these deaths occur during the winter in poor families, and between low birthweight babies and those born to mothers under 20 years of age.
Although infants who die of this disease often appear healthy, research suggests that many may have had abnormalities detected, as an immature respiratory system and respiratory dysfunction. In fact, thought current that can be caused by an abnormality in the control of breathing, which causes apnea (no breathing for long periods) with profound hypoxemia (Decreased oxygen in the blood) and irregular heartbeats. Bottle-feeding instead of breastfeeding and the elderly parents do not cause Sudden infant death syndrome.
Although parents find some of the victims seated in the corners of the crib with blankets wrapped around their heads, autopsies ruled asphyxiation as the cause of death. Even when blood-tinged sputum is found around the baby's mouth or on the crib sheet, autopsy indicates an open airway, so choking on vomit is not the cause of death. Usually, these children do not cry and show no signs of having been disturbed in his sleep, although their positions or tangled blankets may suggest movement just before death, perhaps due to spasm of the terminal.
What are the symptoms?
Depending on how long the child has died, the baby may have a skin stained with the extreme bluish discoloration of lips and fingers, or the accumulation blood in the legs and feet that look like bruises. Pulse and breathing are absent, and the baby's diaper is wet and full of feces.
How diagnosed?
The diagnosis of sudden infant death syndrome in infants requires an autopsy to rule out other causes of death. Final histologic at autopsy included small or normal adrenal glands and petechiae on the surface of the visceral pleura, thymus (which is enlarged), and in the epicardium. The autopsy reveals also very well preserved and lymphatic structures certain characteristics that suggest chronic hypoxemia disease, such as increased pulmonary artery smooth muscle. The survey also shows swollen, congestive lungs fully expanded in the pleural cavities, liquid (not clotted) blood in the heart, and curd from the stomach into the trachea.
How is it treated?
If parents bring the child to the emergency room, the doctor will decide whether to try to revive him or her. In "aborted sudden infant death syndrome infant, a baby who is not breathing properly raised. Such child or any child who had a brother affected by this disorder, should be tested for apnea in children. If tests are positive, this type of monitor may be recommended.
Because most babies can not be resurrected, but the treatment focuses on emotional support for the family.
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